| Trans-Resveratrol
This compound is like sliced bread to the supplement industry. There are
many different health benefits to come from resveratrol, but we picked
it up for one in particular. Resveratrol is capable of modulating estrogenic
receptors as well as controlling aromatase, giving it that One Two Punch
for estrogen control.[2][3] Research has shown its estrogenic modulation
capabilities to increase sperm production by stimulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal
axis. [1]
Horny Goat Weed:
Horny Goat Weed (HWG) is a great source of the testosterone mimetic, Icariin.
Research on Icariin has shown it to increase circulating testosterone
levels as well as improve reproductive organs, making it a great therapeutic
for hypoandrogenic states (like right after a steroids cycle). [4]
On top of the testosterone mimetic capabilities of icariin, it also has
some very interesting metabolites. In vivo research has shown icariin
to metabolize into icaritin and desmethylicaritin. [5] What's great about
these guys is the fact that (like resveratrol) are very strong estrogenic
receptor antagonists. [6][7]
Quercetin & Piperine:
Well we've got our pretty sick post cycle therapy stack going here, but
there poses one small problem, and that's absorption and bioavailability.
Icariin and Resveratrol do not have the greatest bioavailablity in all
the land so we gave them a little help with Quercetin and Piperine. Quercetin
is used because it is the most potent natural inbitor of estrone sulfanase
which degrades compounds like resveratrol. [15] This makes not only aids
in absorption, but enhances antiestrogenic activity. Piperine is another
addition because it enhances the ability of your intestines to absorb
nutrients and phytochemicals. [16] Additionally, piperine may also inhibit
the glucuronidase enzyme, another enzyme which degrades resveratrol.[17]
References:
1.trans-Resveratrol, a natural antioxidant from grapes, increases sperm
output in healthy rats. Juan ME, González-Pons E, Munuera T, Ballester
J, Rodríguez-Gil JE, Planas JM. J Nutr. 2005 Apr;135(4):757-60
2.The red wine polyphenol resveratrol displays bilevel inhibition on
aromatase in breast cancer cells. Wang Y, Lee KW, Chan FL, Chen S, Leung
LK. Toxicol Sci. 2006 Jul;92(1):71-7. Epub 2006 Apr 11
3.Estrogenic and antiestrogenic properties of resveratrol in mammary
tumor models.Bhat KP, Lantvit D, Christov K, Mehta RG, Moon RC, Pezzuto
JM. Cancer Res. 2001 Oct 15;61(20):7456-63
4.The testosterone mimetic properties of icariin. Zhang ZB, Yang QT.
Asian J Androl. 2006 Sep;8(5):601-5. Epub 2006 Jun 5.
5.Determination of rat urinary metabolites of icariin in vivo and estrogenic
activities of its metabolites on MCF-7 cells.Liu J, Ye H, Lou Y. Pharmazie.
2005 Feb;60(2):120-5
6.Estrogenic effects of two derivatives of icariin on human breast cancer
MCF-7 cells.Ye HY, Lou YJ. Phytomedicine. 2005 Nov;12(10):735-41
7.Preparation of two derivatives from icariin and investigation of their
estrogen-like effects.Ye HY, Liu J, Lou YJ.Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi
Xue Ban. 2005 Mar;34(2):131-6
8.Inhibition of estrone sulfatase in human liver microsomes by quercetin
and other flavonoids.Huang Z, Fasco MJ, Kaminsky LS. J Steroid Biochem
Mol Biol. 1997 Sep-Oct;63(1-3):9-15
9.Piperine modulates permeability characteristics of intestine by inducing
alterations in membrane dynamics: influence on brush border membrane fluidity,
ultrastructure and enzyme kinetics.Khajuria A, Thusu N, Zutshi U. Phytomedicine.
2002 Apr;9(3):224-31
10.Impairment of UDP-glucose dehydrogenase and glucuronidation activities
in liver and small intestine of rat and guinea pig in vitro by piperine.Reen
RK, Jamwal DS, Taneja SC, Koul JL, Dubey RK, Wiebel FJ, Singh J. Biochem
Pharmacol. 1993 Jul 20;46(2):229-38.
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